This short monograph is just not yet another book on the controversial clan of the Aryas. It has the distinction of being an unbiased, factual statement, which has been lacking, despite the fact that it has been one of the favourite topics of the Vedic scholars and the Indo-Europeanists. It is written with a clearcut objective of knowing the facts about the Aryas, her comments try to guide the reader as how to understand them. This book thus had a limited aim. Bare facts are documented and not stretched to suit the exigencies of a theory. The author has no theory to propound. But at the same time no external framework is accepted. The romantic dreams woven by the earlier generations of scholars are not found in the Rgveda, the main source of information. And therefore it is possible to see to what extent it was just the play of fancy. With these facts, the author reconstructs the historical events, with supporting archaeological evidence.